Polyurethane high-pressure foaming machine is a professional equipment that accurately measures, efficiently mixes and stably outputs A/B two-component raw materials (such as polyether and isocyanate). It is widely used in refrigerator panels, building insulation, automotive interiors, pipeline insulation and other fields. The reason why it can achieve precise pouring and continuous operation is inseparable from the coordination of major core systems. This article will analyze the system composition and functions of the polyurethane high-pressure foaming machine in detail from a technical perspective.
1. Material Storage System
The material storage system of the high-pressure foaming machine is not only used to store black and white materials, but also undertakes multiple functions such as temperature control, liquid level monitoring, and material-liquid stirring.
The main configuration includes:
- Barrel (with insulation layer)
- Electric heating/cold water constant temperature system (such as chiller or oil temperature machine)
- Pneumatic stirring motor
- Magnetic level gauge
- Feed return port and pressure relief valve
The temperature of the raw materials is controlled within the set range (generally 35~45°C, data source: Technical Specification “GB/T 10801.1-2002”) through a constant temperature system to ensure the consistency of the subsequent mixing reaction and the quality of foaming.
2. Material Filtration System
The filtration system is responsible for the preliminary purification of the raw materials to prevent foreign particles from entering the high-precision pump or mixing head, affecting the mixing accuracy and spraying quality.
Common configurations:
- Self-cleaning filter
- Modular filter element structure, easy to maintain and replace
- High throughput design, supporting continuous feeding
The modular design can be customized according to different viscosity and particle size requirements, significantly improving maintenance efficiency and system stability.
3. Metering System
This is one of the core systems of high-pressure foaming equipment, which determines the accuracy of the A/B component ratio. The metering accuracy usually requires an error of ≤±0.5% (data source: typical equipment parameter manual, such as KraussMaffei high-pressure machine series).
Main ingredients:
- High-precision metering pump (gear pump/plunger pump)
- Magnetic coupling (leakage prevention)
- High pressure sensor
- Proportional adjustment mechanism
The metering ratio can be quickly adjusted according to the changes in the formula to ensure the accuracy of the mixing ratio. It is suitable for different types of PU foaming raw material systems.
4. Hydraulic System
The hydraulic system provides high-pressure driving force for the whole machine, driving the mixing head to complete instantaneous high-pressure impact mixing.
System Features:
- Constant pressure output, pressure can reach 12~20MPa
- Equipped with overflow valve and pressure sensor to ensure system safety
- Supports automatic pressure relief to avoid empty shots and equipment damage
The stability of the hydraulic system directly affects the casting quality and system life.
5. Heat Exchange System
Temperature control is crucial in the high-pressure foaming process, and the heat exchange system ensures that the liquid is at the ideal reaction temperature before entering the mixing head.
Common equipment in the system:
- Plate heat exchanger (high thermal efficiency, easy maintenance)
- Temperature control accuracy within ±1℃
Heat exchange technology is used to reduce energy consumption while improving material reaction efficiency and foam consistency.
6. Mixing System
This is the most critical part of the high-pressure foaming machine. It adopts the principle of high-pressure impact mixing to fully mix the A/B materials in a very short time.
Typical parameters:
- Mixing pressure: 8~15MPa
- Mixing head structure: T-type, L-type mixing head
- No need for solvent cleaning, environmentally friendly and energy-saving
High-quality mixing heads enable clean-free operation, shorten process cycles and reduce maintenance costs
7. Electrical Control System
This system is the “central nervous system” of the equipment, responsible for coordinating the operation of various systems and realizing automated and intelligent operations.
Main ingredients:
- PLC controller (such as Siemens, Mitsubishi)
- Touchscreen Human Machine Interface (HMI)
- Remote diagnostics and data logging capabilities
- Networking function, supporting Industry 4.0 access
The process parameters can be preset, and it supports intelligent management functions such as multi-recipe calling, data backtracking, and system alarm.
8. Safety Protection System
To ensure the safety of equipment and personnel, modern high-pressure foaming machines are equipped with multiple safety protection measures.
Common configurations:
- Overload/overvoltage protection
- Emergency stop button
- Motor overheat alarm
- Automatic power off in case of abnormal liquid level/temperature/pressure
- Explosion-proof design (optional according to raw material requirements)
The safety system can immediately interrupt equipment operation in abnormal conditions to prevent accidents, and complies with international safety certification standards such as CE.
Summarize
The performance advantage of polyurethane high-pressure foaming machines relies on the precise coordination of multiple systems such as storage, filtration, metering, hydraulic pressure, heat exchange, mixing, electronic control and safety. These systems each assume key functions and work together to ensure that the equipment can still operate stably in a high-speed, high-pressure and high-precision working environment. For PU product manufacturers, purchasing high-performance high-pressure foaming equipment will directly improve product consistency, production capacity and safety assurance levels, providing a solid guarantee for efficient production.
If you want to know more about the selection, maintenance or customization of polyurethane high-pressure foaming equipment, please contact our technical engineers for professional advice and solutions.